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The Night Mare Life Without Fuel - Grade 11 - Magic OF Words.

General English



The Nightmare Life Without Fuel
Points to Understand
      This essay focuses on the impacts of the fuel crisis upon the whole world.
      The winter says that people are likely to face many problems due to shortage of fuel.
      The price of fuel will increase dramatically.
      Instead of vehicles, the streets will be crowded by people.
      People will have to walk on foot instead of ridding vehicle.
      They have to work hard and long hours.
      Due to shortage of fuel, there won’t be any fuel for agriculture.
      People living in the suburbs are likely to suffer very much.
      They cannot go to city for work.
      They can’t get enough food. Their children will die of starvation and famine.
      Due to shortage of fuel, people are likely to suffer from colds; darkness, diseases, crimes and violence and famine.
      The adults will die slowly as their minds will be damaged.
      The writer says that remaining energy should be used properly and wisely.
      However, there are some advantages of shortage of fuel.
      People can move in the street freely.
      The environment won’t be polluted.
      As a result of fuel crisis, the air will be clean and pollution free.
      The rate of crime will decrease significantly.
      People can walk on the road freely for late night.
      People will feel secure among each other.
      They won’t be affected by environmental problem.
      As a whole, this essay talks to preserve fuel properly otherwise they may face any kind of problem in the near future.
      If we use fuel unwisely, we may push ourselves back to pre- industrial era.

Summary
Asimov’s “The Nightmare Life without Fuel” depicts America in the late 1990’s (especially 1997) when the shortage of fuel has reduced this prosperous (rich) country to a cold, dark and dirty nation of pre- industrial 1800s – 1800 A.D. Through the case study of America, the writer wants to show what is going to happen if we do not conserve the world’s natural resources. The writer has presented comparative advantages and disadvantages of the fuel crisis. Because of the shortage of fuel and other energy resources, there is no use of cars and other vehicle As a result, the air will be cleaner or pollution free. People do not suffer from cold. Some other advantages are that the crime rate will fall down. People will walk in the streets until late night. The parks and theatres will be crowded and people will feel secure among each other. People go out in the open and fresh air in the Holt. In winter, people can wear sweaters at home. Since there is no smoke of the vehicles, people shouldn’t use perfumes.

                 There are innumerable serious problems or disadvantages of fuel crisis or shortage of energy resources. The people living in the suburbs suffer very much.

They can’t go to the city for work and purchasing goods. People have to walk or get on the crowded trains. They have to work for longer hours but they can’t get enough food, heat and light. The babies will die of hunger and the brains of the adults will be permanently damaged. The result of fuel will be worse in rest of the world.

The people in other parts of the world will suffer more than the people of America. They will suffer from cold, darkness, diseases, crimes, violence and starvation. People have to work for hours with empty belies. Their Life will be worse and boring. The babies will be victims of hunger and malnutrition. The adults will die slowly and quickly as their minds will be permanently damaged. Asimov says that the remaining energy should be used very wisely until the new energy resources will be discovered. He warns the modern world about the devastating and imminent impacts of fuel or energy crisis. It pushes the world back to the pre- industrial period. There will be no fuel left agriculture and poor countries have to export food to import fuel. The writer says that it is too late to do something to prevent this situation.

   1.    According to the author, what will be the advantages of the fuel crisis?
·       According to the author, there are some advantages of the fuel crisis. The air will be pollution free and people hardly suffer from cold. The crimes rate will fall down and people walk in the streets until late night without any fear. The police or security service will not be needed. The parks and theatres will be full of people. The population growth rate will also decrease.
   2.    What will be the advantages of the fuel crisis of 1997 according to the author?
 ü There will be many disadvantages of fuel of 1997 according to the author. People will have to walk or get on the crowded trains or buses to go to work. They won't have enough foot to eat. The children will die of hunger and the brains of the adults will be damaged due to lack of nutrition. People won't get enough light, heat and water. They can't take proper bath. They have to work for longer hours and can't enjoy their free time. Life will be dull as it will be limited to work, sleep and eating.
  3.    What specific problem does Asimov focus on in his essay "A Nightmare Life Without Fuel"?
  ü In this essay "A Nightmare Life Without Fuel", Asimov focuses on the specific problem of fuel crisis. He suggests the people of the world to use the existing energy or fuel very wisely until new fuel resources, the human existence will disappear.
  4.    In Asimov's essay what is happening in the rest of the world as America struggles without fuel?
  ü The rest of the world is suffering more than America. Due to the shortage of fuel, the people in the other part of the world have not enough food, light, water and energy. The babies are dying of hunger and the brains of adults are permanently damaged. People have more work and less food. They are being killed quietly.
  5.    What does the author mean when he says, "the suburbs were born with the auto, lived with the auto and dying with the auto"? 
  ü With the industrialisation, people moved to the cities from the villages. When the cities were crowed, people preferred to live in the suburbs due to the development of transport facilities. Thus, suburbs were born due to the vehicles. However, the people living in the suburbs earned their living by going to the cities for work. Due to the shortage of fuel, the vehicles are decreasing and the life of the suburbs is being affected. Thus, suburbs are dying with the auto.
   6.    What kinds of serious problems could a fuel shortage cause?
  ü A fuel shortage could cause many critical problems. Even the country like America will go back to the cold, dark nation of the pre-industrial 1800s. people will die of hunger, disease and violence and the population will decrease. People have to work for longer hours and they to walk or get on the crowed trains or buses. Above all, the whole human existence will be in danger due to the shortage of fuel and energy




On The Vanity Of Earthly Greatness - Grade 11 - The Magic Of Words.


On the vanity of earthly greatness
Grade 11 all Summary and answer.
                      



On the Vanity of Earthly Greatness
Point to understand
 The speaker in the poem mentions that everything is changeable in the world.
     He says that it is futile to be proud of worldly greatness.
     He talks about vanity of human greatness.
     Everything in the world perishable.
The great and powerful persons and object will be worthless and useless.
 In the passage of time, powerful, great, brave person becomes the subject to worthlessness.
     Nothing is stable and constant in the world.
     Our sense of greatness is momentary.
 Even the great emperor becomes worthless in the passage of time.
     Powerful time has brought many changes in the world.
     In front of time, the worldly things and powerful people become useless and worthless.
     The powerful tusk of mastodons has become just the playthings.
     The shining sword of great emperor, Charlemagne, has been rusted.
     The terrible grizzly bear of the past has now been turned into a mere rug.
     The great Roman emperor Julius Caesar has now been kept into the shelf as an object of decoration.
     The powerful people come and go in the course of time.
Summary
In “On the Vanity of Earthly Greatness”, the poet describes the changes the powerful time has brought to different people and objects. The tusks of mastodons that fought powerful fights in the past have now become just the playthings. The shining sword of the brave warrior and Emperor Charlemagne has now been rusted. The fearful grizzly bear of the past has now been turned into a mere rug. The powerful and great Roman General Julius Caesar has now been confined into a shelf as an object of decoration. This shows that the power and greatness of today will be worthless in the future. Realizing this fact, the poet also seems worried.
This poem makes us realize the remorselessness of time and the vanity of human greatness. We generally do not think that the great and powerful persons and objects will turn to be worthless one day. Most people in the world are proud of their greatness, power and possessions which are actually futile. With the passage of time, every powerful, great, Honorable, precious and beautiful object or being becomes the subject of death, decay, ugliness and worthlessness. Nothing is constant and everlasting on earth. Everything is changeable and subject it death and decay. Every one of us will die either sooner or later. The powerful wheel of time turns everything's into the worthless dust. The greatness, honour preciousness, power, achievements, beauty, adventures etc. are momentary. With the passage of time, they all turn to be futile, meaningless, and worthless and trifle. Thus, the poem is ironical. The unawareness of the human beings about the vanity of earthly greatness is portrayed through irony.
 1.Summaries the poem "On the Vanity of Earthly Greatness" on one Sentence.
Or, Write the main/ central idea or theme of the poem in one sentence.
Or, Write a summary of the poem 'On the Vanity Of Earthly Greatness'.
  ·   As the tusk of the powerful mastodons brave become just the playthings; the shining sword of brave emperor Charlemagne have now rusted; the fearful grizzly bear has turned into a rug and the great Roman General Caesar's bust is on the shelf, similarly, all the greatness of human begins and animals become worthless with the passage of time.
  2.  What changes to people and objects are described in the poem "On the Vanity of Earthly Greatness"?
Or, What is Vanity involved in the poem "On the vanity of Earthly Greatness"?
   ·      In "On the vanity of Earthly Greatness", the poet describes the changes the powerful time has bought to different people and objects. The tusks of mastodons that fought powerful fights in the past have now become just the playthings. The shining sword of brave warrior an emperor Charlemagne has now rusted. The awful grizzly bear of the past has now been turned into a rug. The powerful and great Roman General Caesar is now confined into a shelf. This makes us realise the remorselessness of time and the vanity of human greatness. Every powerful being or thing becomes worthless with the passage of time.
  3.  What four things does the poet mention in the poem "Vanity of Earthly Greatness"?
  ·The four things poet mentions in the poem "Vanity Greatness" are as follow:
i)The tusk of the powerful mastodons has become just the play things.
ii)The shining sword of Charlemagne has now rusted.
iii)   The fearful grizzly bear has turned into a rug.
iv) The Greek Roman General Caesar's bust is on the self as decorative things.
   4.  What are the different Example used by the poet to show the vanity of earthly greatness?
  ·      The different example used by the poet to show the vanity of early greatness and mastodons' tusks, the sword of Charlemagne the just, the grizzly bear's hug and fame of Julius Caesar. These things lost their value immediately after the death of concerned people.
  5.  How is human vanity laughed at in the poem "On the Vanity of Earthly Greatness"?
 ü We generally do not think that the great and powerful person and object will turn to be worthless, one day. Most people in the world are proud of their greatness, power and possession which are actually  futile. With the passage of time, the powerful tusks of mastodons have become playthings and the mighty shining sword of brave warrior and emperor Charlemagne has been rusted. The fearful grizzly bear has turned to a mere rug and Julius Caesar's greatness and honour has been confined into a shelf. Thus, the poem makes fun of the earthly greatness. They are unaware of the fact that every powerful, great, honorable, rich and beautiful object or being becomes the subject of death, decay, ugliness and worthlessness. Thus, the poem is ironical.



















Malini - Grade/Class 11 Summary & All Questions & Answers.






 Malini
Points to Understand
  ü It is a poetic play.
  ü It talks about love and hatred.
  ü In the play, the writer talks about a conflict between Hinduism and Buddhism. He mean that Buddhism is superior to Hinduism.
  ü Buddhism advocates in favour of non-violence and brotherhood.
  ü The prinecess, Malini, is the central character of the play.
  ü She is the symbol of love, truth, peace and brotherhood.
  ü She doesn't believe in Gods of book.
  ü She is ready to be self-exciled from the palace for new religion.
  ü She is taught in Buddhism. She is influence by Buddhism.
  ü Even through it is dangerous for her to follow new religion, she never get affraid of it.
  ü The Brahmins revolt aganist Buddhism. They want to banish her from the palace to protect their religion.
  ü Kemankar even goes to foreign country to bring foreign soliders to revolt aganist her.
  ü When Kemankar is betrayed by his best friend, the king capture him on the charge of treson aganist the kingdom.
  ü On the request of Malini and Supriya, the king is ready to forgive him.
  ü Kemankar is firm in his belief. He tells the king that he will complete work he bas begun.
  ü The king becomes furious and asks Kemankar about his wish.
  ü Kemankar wishes he would like to meet his best friend, Supriya.
  ü When Kemankar meets Supriya, he kill him.
  ü The king cannot control his anger at the end of the play.
  ü Malini again request her father to forgive him.
  ü Malini wants to give up materialistic things that and wordly pleasures.
  ü She wants to know pain and suffering of common people.
  ü She wants to tech them the truth of her new religion.
  ü She doesn't take revenge aganist Kemankar.
  ü She is preacher of peace,virtues and non-voilence.

Summary
"Malini" is the poetic play about love and hatred. In the play, there is a conflict between Hinduism and Buddhism. The princess Malini is the symbol of love, truth and non- voilence. She is taught in Buddhism. Though it would be dangerous for her to follow Buddhism in the land of Hinduism, she is never afraid. She doesn't believe on the Gods of books. The Brahmins are worried about her. They think that she is bringing the new creed/ religion in the land of their old religion. The Brahmins revolt aganist Buddhism. They are willing to banish the princess from the palace. To protect their old religion, they go to the palace demanding the banishment of Malini. Kemankar even goes to foreign land to bring the soliders to revolt aganist the new creed and to protect the old religion. When his own best friend betrays him, Kimankar is captured by the king. He is going to be given death sentence for his treason aganist the Kingdom. However, in the request of Supriya and Malini, the king is ready to forgive him. One the other hand, Kemankar is so firm in his resolution that he doesn't want any pardon. When the king asks him what he will do if he is forgiven.kemankar replies that he will complete thework he has begun. Then the king gets more angry and aks Kemankar his last wish.

 Kemankar replies that he wants to see his bestfreind, Supriya goes to him, Kemankar strikes Supriya with the chain and kill him for his betrayal of their friendship. Then finally when Kemankar calls the executioner, the king rises with his own sword. Malini requests the king to forgive Kemankar and the play ends with suspense whether or not the king forgives Kemankar.
 1.The play "Malini" ends with Malini's "Father, forgive Kemankar." Do you think the king forgive Kemankar? Dicuss.
Or, Why does Malini ask the king to forgive Kemankar at the end of the play?
Or, The play "Malini" ends with a suspense of whether or not the king forgives Kemankar. Do you think the king fulfils Malini's request to forgive Kemankar?
Or, Write the play " Malini" in your own words.
Or, Write the summary of "Malini".
Or, Write the story of "Malini"
Or, Describe the character of Malini.
Or, Sketch the character of Malini.
Or, Do you think Malini asked for her own banishment from the palace?
Or, Draw the character of Malini.
 ü Malini is the princess. She is young and beautiful. Though she is born in the palace among the riches ( treasures), comforts and happiness,she is never interested in the wordly happiness. She is taught about Buddhism and she is the image of truth, love, vortues. She doesn't believe on the Gods of books. She is not ready to follow the traditional old religion. Though it was dangerous for her to accept the new religion in the land of old creeds, she never bows to the face hood. The Buddhism are against Malini's new creed. They are united to protect their old traditional religion. They go to the palace demanding for the banishment of Malini from the palace. To the great surprise of the king and the Brahmins, she asks for own banishment. She is not satisfied with the comforts, pleasure, treasures and luxurious life of the palace. Though she is young and beautiful princess, she never wears ornaments. She wants to go out of the palace to understand pain, poverty and the bitter reality of the outer world. She wants to banished to go out of the palace to guide the people living in the darkness and pathless sea. She wants to teach them the truth of her new religion.
Malini is the lover of truth, reality and humanity. She is the preacher of peace, virtues and non-violence. She is not a common girl. The queen herself tell that her daughter is the pure flame of fire. She is believe to be the divine sprite. When she goes among the people, they regard her as the Mother of the World. The people love her, keep her in their hearts and follow her path "To err is human and the forgive is divine" is her ideology. She makes the king ready to forgive the reasoner, Kemankar. At, the end of the play, when Kemankar murders Supriya, Malini still request the king to forgive the murderer. This show that Malini is really virtuous, large-heated, truly religious, gentle,materially poor and spiritually rich and genius.

Look At A Teacup - Grade 11 Summary & All Questions Answer.



Look at a Teacup
Points to understand
      In this essay, the writer has symbolically talked about tea- cup.
   Symbol is a figure of speech in which a concrete thing stand for an abstract idea.
    Tea cup is a symbol of tradition, cultural norms and value.
 Broken tea- cup symbolically shows the breakdown of old tradition.
      Hemp's mother bought the teacup in 1939.
      Hampl’s mother gave it to her daughter as a gift.
 The teacup was unbroken which shows old traditions and cultural norms and values.
      Due to overuse, it has been discolored.
      The flower of the teacup seems to have scattered.
      Each flower has different shape and colour.
      The flowers in the cup don’t look real.
      Her mother’s face seems sad and disappointed.
      In 1939 her mother got married. She bought what she needed.
      Hampl’s mother wanted to know about her mother’s life.
      Hampl’s mother wanted to give them to her daughter.
      She didn’t like to talk about her life with her daughter.
      After 1939, the world had changed a lot.
      During the Second World War, people knew how difficult life was.
      Due to the Second World War, the cup had been broken.
      The broken teacup showed impact of the war.
      After the Second World War, there were many changes in the society. In the year 1939, everything fell: arts, virginity and faith in marriage.
      Human beings lost faith in marriage. Before 1939 marriage was source of harmony and comfort. It became source of pain and tragedy.
      Hampl tried to understand history and sexuality.
  In her mother’s generation, they could have sexual relation after marriage.
  The destructive nature of Second World War lost the faith of people.
 Hampl didn’t like to carry on tradition. She didn’t like to preserve the teacup. The falling of flowers in theTeacup showed the decline of cultural norms and values.
      Many people lost their lives in the Second World War.
      By looking at the teacup, the writer thought about her mother and the flowers in the teacup.
      The falling of flowers showed talking of traditions.
      It showed the differences between two generations.
      The writer’s generation lost their faith in tradition.


Summary
The Second World War caused a great fall in the faith of women in marriage and family life. Hampl’s mother got married in 1939 and passed her life with her husband. She handed down the same tradition to her daughter by giving the teacup to her. However, many women lost their husbands, happy family life as well as their virginity in the devastating war. As a result, the destiny and future of the women of the writer’s generation seemed insecure and dark. Thus, the writer and her generation are against the importance of marriage and family. Forthem, marriage is painful. It is a tragedy and an end. Before 1939, the women had sacred sexual relationship after marriage. However, the writer’s generation refuses to carry on such previous traditions. The destructive war fills a sense of fear in their minds. Hence, the writer and her generation are afraid of the dark future and the sense of loss after marriage.

The story/ essay tells us much about the mother daughter relationship. The teacup connects the daughter with her mother in many ways. Hampl’s mother bought the teacup in 1939 and later she handed it down to her daughter. Through it, the mother handed down her tradition and culture to her daughter. Not only that, the writer reads the history of her mother in the teacup. The cup remains the writer of her mother’s marriage, happy family life, her culture, tradition and other many things. The story also speaks about the importance of family life before the war and the failure in its significance after the war. Before 1939, women were passing happy married life with their husbands and children. They tried to hand down the possessions culture and traditions to their children. Hampl’s mother did the same by giving the teacup as a gift to her daughter. However, the importance of this tradition of family life fell down. Women had a sense of fear to be involved in the conjugal life. To get married and to bear children would mean to bear loss for them. The story presents the poor destiny of the women after the year 1939. Many women lost their husbands and happy family life. The previous generation’s great faith in marriage, family and sacred sexual relationship fell down. The women refused to carry on their mother culture and tradition. Marriage and family life meant a great loss and tragedy for them. They visualisation their dark future and crushed themselves of being women.


   1.   Explain the daughter's attitude to marriage?
   · The writer's mother got married in 1939 and passed her life with her husband. However, the year 1939 caused the fall or art, virginity and faith in marriage. Falling of bombs in the Second World War declined the destiny of women. Many women lost their husbands and family in the war. Because of this, the generation of the writer is against the important ace of marriage and family. For the writer and her generation, marriage is painful. It is a tragedy or an end. Before 1939, the women could make their first sexual relationship after marriage. But, in the generation of the writer, sexual relationship fear among the women. Thus, the writer and her generation are afraid of the dark future and the same of loss after marriage.
   2.   What do you mean by 'many things fell that year'?
  · Many things fell in the year 1939. That year was beginning the destructive Second World War. Because of the distinction of the war, arts, virginity, culture, tradition, faith in marriage and many other things fell the falling of bombs caused the innocent people fall dead in the battlefield. The women, who lost their husbands, were compelled to fall in the beds of other people. The importance of marriage and family life also their faith in marriage. It was a tragedy and an end for them. In this way, the year 1939 caused the fall of peace, prosperity, hope and destiny of the whole world.
  3.   How does Hampl see herself and her mother connected by the teacup?
  ·   Hampl's mother bought the teacup is 1930. The cup is later handed over to her daughter. Through the cup, the mother wants to hand down the tradition and culture of her generation to Hampl. For Hampl, the teacup is symbolically significant. In it, she reads the history of her mother. The cup is made is Czechoslovakia. Thus, the symbolizes the culture to which both Hampl and her mother are connected. The teacup given to Hampl by her mother. The Teacup not only remaind Hampl about her mother but also the tragic events of the Second World War.
  4.   When and why did Patricia Hampl's mother buy the teacup?
   · Patricia Hampl's mother bought the teacup in 1939. She liked it because it was made in Czechoslovakia as she was marrying an American Czech. The cup was beautiful to see also.